EnglishViews: 399 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2020-10-24 Origin: Site
Because of the blood-eye barrier in the eye, including special tissue anatomical structures such as the blood-aqueous barrier and the blood-retinal barrier, most effective drug treatments for eye diseases are topical medications. Some serious eye diseases need to be treated with surgery. Professional instruments used in surgery to treat eye diseases include eye surgery scissors, eye surgery forceps, eye surgery tweezers, eye surgery hooks and other instruments for eye surgery. Specifically, these instruments are ophthalmic surgical instruments cannula, surgical instruments forceps, wire eye speculum, intraocular lens forceps.
Conventional surgical instruments are generally surgical forceps and surgical scissors for general surgery. Microsurgical instruments generally refer to ophthalmic surgical instruments and neurosurgery instruments. The material is generally stainless steel, which is finer and lighter, such as stainless steel medical scissors.
Eye drops are commonly used ophthalmic formulations and are one of the most commonly used topical drugs in ophthalmology. They are mostly used for the treatment of eye diseases and routine examinations. Generally it is a water solvent, but there are also suspensions and oils. The liquid medicine can directly contact the conjunctiva and corneal lesions, and the active ingredients of the medicine can enter the eye through the cornea.
When dropping eye drops, the dropper or the mouth of the medicine bottle should be a certain distance away from the eye to avoid scratching the cornea or touching the eyelids and contaminating the liquid. Do not drop the medicine directly on the cornea, so as not to squeeze out the medicine by tightly closing the eyelids, or perforating the corneal ulcer.
The eye ointment method is commonly used to administer the eye. Eye ointment releases slowly, stays in the eye for a long time, and has a slow and lasting effect. It is generally administered before going to bed.
Subconjunctival injection, the drug is not affected by the conjunctival and corneal epithelial barrier, and the drug can be absorbed into the eye through the conjunctiva and subconjunctival blood circulation. Or it diffuses to the corneal stroma through the limbus, and directly acts on the deep tissues of the eye to increase its effective concentration, prolong the action time of the drug, and increase the efficacy. In addition, drug stimulation can also make local blood vessels dilate and increase blood vessel permeability, which is conducive to drug absorption. Commonly used drugs are antibiotics, glucocorticoids, mydriatics, autologous blood, and hypertonic saline. Eye treatment instruments of this degree include eye cannulas surgical instruments and disposable eyelid speculum, which basically do not require iris scissors.
Retrobulbar injection is a method of administration through the skin of the eye and the inferior fornix and into the orbit under the eyeball, so that the drug directly enters the muscle cone behind the eyeball. In addition to block anesthesia, it can also be used as a route of administration of some drugs. It is mostly used to treat posterior segment diseases and optic nerve diseases. At this time, the medical equipment needed are delicate needle holder and disposable ophthalmic cannula.
Do not force the needle when the needle touches the bone wall or encounters resistance when inserting the needle to prevent the eyeball from being stabbed.
This is a method of directly injecting drugs into the anterior chamber or vitreous cavity, and is mostly used to treat intraocular inflammation that is difficult to control.
In this way, 0.5% to 0.1% caine drops 2 to 3 times or subconjunctival injection of 2% rucaine local anesthesia. Flush the conjunctival sac, open the eyelid with a eyelid opener, fix the edge of the medial rectus muscle with holding forcep to fix the eyeball position, directly use a No. 5 disposable injection needle with an empty needle tube to penetrate the anterior chamber from the incision or at a 45-degree angle. Intraocular injection is dangerous and should be used carefully. The injection of the drug should not be too large, otherwise it will cause other complications.
